The History of Articulators: A Critical History of Articulators Based on Geometric Theories of Mandibular Movement, Part III

The “Balancer” Designs
Edgar N. Starcke, DDS

THIS SERIES of articles on the “geometric school” of mandibular movement has been primarily concerned with those inventors whose theories and articulator designs have had an impact on the profession’s perception of mandibular movement and occlusion. Accordingly, this article will review the contributions of Harry Hagman and John Needles, who were tireless investigators of geometric principles.However, there are also those inventors whose articulators have remained obscure but have historical interest because they were based on an even more obscure theory, or were
designed to reflect modifications of a theory that was currently in vogue.Examples of these articulators are those produced by Heinrich Schweitzer of New York City, George M.Hollenback of Encino, California, and Maurice J.Babb of Ardmore, Pennsylvania.

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